What should an architect recommend to resolve the "Max CPU time exceeded" error during case integration in Salesforce?

Resolving the "Max CPU time exceeded" error requires a smart approach that optimally manages resource consumption during integration processes. The choice to move trigger code into a future method is particularly advantageous because future methods run asynchronously. This means that they are processed in the background, allowing the platform to handle them without immediately consuming CPU time during the original transaction. This approach essentially offloads the CPU-intensive work associated with the trigger to a later point, reducing the probability of hitting CPU limits during the integration process.

Future methods also benefit from not being constrained by the same CPU time limits as synchronous operations, which further enhances performance, especially when processing large data volumes or performing complex calculations.

The other options involve API changes or techniques that may not directly address the CPU time limitation issues effectively. For instance, moving the code to a Queueable Apex would also help in processing asynchronously, but it may not be as efficient as future methods in particular cases. Bulk API and reducing trigger complexity can help manage load, but they may not completely eliminate the risk of exceeding CPU limits depending on the specific scenario. Therefore, leveraging future methods stands out as a direct and effective solution to mitigate the CPU time issues during case integration.